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active, confirmed

Below is the subset of Vent Fields that contain the Activity, Tectonic Setting, Region, Ocean, or National Jurisdiction listed above.
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Vent Field Name IDsort icon Activity Tectonic Setting Region Latitude Longitude Maximum or Single Reported Depth Year and How Discovered
13 N Ridge Site active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Mariana Trough 13.1000 143.6833 2900 2000 deep-tow camera
ABE active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Lau Basin -20.7619 -176.1910 2220 2004 AUV ABE; 2004 plume only on previous cruise
Aden active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge Tadjoura Rift, western Gulf of Aden 11.9500 43.6667 1600 1984 submersible Cyana
Adventure Caldera active, confirmed arc volcano South Sandwich Arc -59.7210 -27.8571 520 2011 SHRIMP towed camera system; 2010 high resolution bathymetry only
AHA Field active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N EPR 1.7333 -102.2830 2850 2000 towed imaging ARGO-II
Akuseki-jima active, confirmed arc volcano Ryukyu Arc 29.4610 129.5970 5 1993 or earlier, likely by SCUBA
Alice Springs Field active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Mariana Trough 18.2167 144.6833 3640 1987 submersible Alvin; 1982 plume only
Animal Farm active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S EPR -18.6080 -113.4000 2675 1993 submersible Nautile
Ashadze active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N MAR 12.9733 -44.8633 4200 2003 TV profiling; 2007 ROV Victor 6000
Ashadze 2 active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N MAR 12.9917 -44.9067 3300 2007 ROV Victor 6000; 2005 TV profiling, plume, and dredge did not confirm activity
Aurora active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge Gakkel Ridge 82.8833 -6.2500 4100 2001 shimmering water in camera tow and sulfide chimney in dredge
Axial Volcano, ASHES active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge JdF Ridge 45.9333 -130.0167 1540 1984 submersible Alvin
Axial Volcano, CASM active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge JdF Ridge 45.9900 -130.0300 1580 1983 submersible Pisces IV
Axial Volcano, South Rift Zone active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge JdF Ridge 45.9417 -129.9833 1544 1986 submersible Pisces IV
Baby Bare Seamount active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge JdF Ridge 47.7100 -127.7870 2600 1995 submersible Alvin
Baily's Beads active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S MAR -13.2800 -14.4100 2288 2009 towed video
Banda Api active, confirmed arc volcano Banda Arc -4.5250 129.8710 3 1993 SCUBA
Banua Wuhu submarine volcano active, confirmed arc volcano Sangihe Arc 3.1380 125.4910 10 1996 or earlier, likely by SCUBA
Beebe active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge Mid-Cayman Rise 18.3279 -81.4308 4960 April 2010 (Autosub6000 AUV and HyBIS TVG; 2009 plume only
Bounty Seamount active, confirmed intra-plate volcano Central Pacific -25.1667 -129.4000 420 1999 submersible Nautile
Broken Spur active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N MAR 29.1700 -43.1717 3100 1993 submersible Alvin; earlier in 1993, water column anomalies and towed camera did not confirm activity
Brothers volcano active, confirmed arc volcano Kermadec Arc -34.8667 179.0667 1800 1998 towed camera; 1996 dredging only
Bubbylon active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N MAR 37.8000 -31.5333 1000 2010 ROV MARUM-QUEST, same cruise as plume discovered by multibeam echosounder
Calyfield active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge Galapagos Rift 0.8300 -89.6083 1660 2002 submersible Alvin
Calypso Vents active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Taupo Volcanic Zone -37.6800 177.1170 200 1989 submersible Soucoup
Capo Miseno, Gulf of Naples active, confirmed other Coastal Italy 40.7833 14.0833 20 1982 or earlier, likely by SCUBA
Capo Palinuro active, confirmed other Coastal Italy 40.0167 15.2667 30 1990 or earlier, likely by SCUBA
CDE active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Lau Basin -20.6667 -176.1833 2256 2007 towed video camera; 2004 plume only; 2008 commercial ROV
Central Cleft, off-axis active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge JdF Ridge 44.7583 -130.2750 2200 2000 ROV Tiburon
Champagne Hot Springs active, confirmed arc volcano Lesser Antilles Arc 15.5000 -61.5000 5 2001 or earlier (assume SCUBA)
Clark volcano active, confirmed arc volcano Kermadec Arc -36.4490 177.8400 930 2005 submersible Pisces V; 1999 plume only
CLSC, A3 active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Lau Basin -18.6000 -176.4500 2500 1990 submersible Mir
Columbo active, confirmed arc volcano Hellenic Arc, Aegean Sea 36.5250 25.4833 500 2006 ROV Hercules
Daikoku volcano active, confirmed arc volcano Mariana Arc 21.3240 144.1940 450 2004 ROV ROPOS; 2003 plume only
Deception Island active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Bransfield Strait -62.9500 -60.6500 100 1995 or earlier (need to check reference)
DESMOS Cauldron active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Manus Basin -3.6958 151.8717 2000 1990 deep-sea monitoring system (DESMOS) video and still cameras
Dodo Field active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge CIR -18.3470 65.3050 2730 2009 submersible Shinkai 6500; 2006 plume only
Don Joao de Castro Bank active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge Terceira Rift 38.2300 -26.6300 45 1995 SCUBA
Doyo Seamount active, confirmed arc volcano Izu-Bonin Arc 27.6833 140.8167 520 1990 submersible Shinkai 2000
East Blanco Depression active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge JdF Ridge 44.2170 -129.6250 3460 1994 ROV U.S. Navy's Advanced Tethered Vehicle
East Diamante volcano active, confirmed arc volcano Mariana Arc 15.9300 145.6700 457 2004 ROV ROPOS; 2003 plume only
Edmond Field active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge CIR -23.8780 69.5960 3320 2001 ROV Jason
EPR, 1.4 S, off-axis active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S EPR -1.3690 -102.4560 3000 2008 towed video
EPR, 10 02'N active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N EPR 10.0330 -104.3300 2560 1992 submersible Alvin
EPR, 10 44.6'N active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N EPR 10.7433 -103.6500 2580 1985 Argo video tow with temperature
EPR, 11 17'N active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N EPR 11.2833 -103.7583 2560 1984 Angus camera (or 1985 Argo video) tow with temperature
EPR, 11 18'S active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S EPR -11.3000 -110.5300 2650 1985/86 or 1989 TV grab (need to check references to confirm activity); 1998 submersible Alvin
EPR, 11 24'N active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N EPR 11.4000 -103.7800 2580 1990 submersible Alvin; 1988 submersible Alvin dive #1994 (need reference to confirm activity)
EPR, 11 42'N active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N EPR 11.7000 -103.8500 2580 1984 Angus camera (or 1985 Argo video) tow with temperature
EPR, 13 N active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N EPR 12.8333 -103.9500 2630 1982 submersible Cyana; 1981 towed camera, dredging, and plume did not confirm activity
EPR, 13 N, Marginal High active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N EPR 12.7090 -103.9160 2650 1984 submersible Cyana; 1981 towed camera, dredging, and plume did not confirm activity
EPR, 14 S active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S EPR -13.9667 -112.4667 2635 1985/86 or 1989 TV grab (need to check references to confirm activity); 1993 plume only; 1994 submersible Shinkai 6500
EPR, 17 12'S active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S EPR -17.2000 -113.1500 2590 1993 submersible Nautile
EPR, 17 34'S active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S EPR -17.5667 -113.2333 2600 1994 submersible Shinkai 6500; 1996 Argo II towed video
EPR, 17 44'S active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S EPR -17.7330 -113.2660 2622 1998 submersible Alvin; 1993 plume only; not explored by Nautile in 1993 or Shinkai 6500 in 1994
EPR, 18 10'S active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S EPR -18.1700 -113.3440 2700 1993 submersible Nautile; 1983 temperature and light attenuation anomalies
EPR, 18 15'S active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S EPR -18.2500 -113.3500 2680 1993 submersible Nautile
EPR, 18 26'S active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S EPR -18.4333 -113.3833 2650 1993 submersible Nautile; 1983 seafloor photos, temperature anomalies, and deposits did not confirm activity; 1984 submersible Cyana observed only inactive sites; 1985/86 or 1989 TV grab (need to check references to confirm activity)
EPR, 18 32'S active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S EPR -18.5550 -113.4160 2647 1993 submersible Nautile
EPR, 2 S active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S EPR -2.2200 -102.6550 2900 2008 towed video and AUV ABE
EPR, 20 06'S active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S EPR -20.1000 -113.7080 3000 1981 Angus camera tow; 1984 submersible Cyana
EPR, 21 25'S active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S EPR -21.4333 -114.2917 2850 1984 submersible Cyana; 1983 deposits only
EPR, 21 N active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N EPR 20.8333 -109.0833 2600 1979 submersible Alvin; 1978 submersible Cyana discovered mineral deposits only
EPR, 23 30'S active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S EPR -23.5333 -115.5667 2600 1987 or earlier [need to check Marchig & Gundlach (1987)]; 2005 submersible Alvin
EPR, 23 50'S active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S EPR -23.8233 -115.4558 2650 2005 submersible Alvin; 1990 or earlier towed TV camera did not confirm activity
EPR, 26 10'S active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S EPR -26.2050 -112.6133 2600 1987 or earlier [need to check Marchig & Gundlach (1987)]; 2005 submersible Alvin did not observe active vents
EPR, 26.5 S active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S EPR -26.4833 -112.6250 2064 1993 submersible Nautile (or earlier)
EPR, 3.9 N offset active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N EPR 3.9170 -102.2330 2875 1989 or earlier Deep Tow photographs (cruise RIFTS or PAPATUA)
EPR, 37 40'S Axial Dome active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge Pacific-Antarctic Ridge -37.6667 -110.8667 2240 1997 video survey L'Atalante (do not know if activity confirmed); 1995 TV survey did not confirm activity; 2001 towed video and TV-grab definitely confirmed
EPR, 37 48'S Axial Dome active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge Pacific-Antarctic Ridge -37.8000 -110.9167 2200 2001 towed video and TV-grab
EPR, 7 25'S active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S EPR -7.4167 -107.8000 2750 1985/86 or 1989 TV grab (need to check references to confirm activity); 1998 submersible Alvin
EPR, 8 38'N active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N EPR 8.6333 -104.2000 2550 2003 submersible Alvin; 1989 dredge only; 2002 plume only
EPR, 9 17'N active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N EPR 9.2800 -104.2166 2585 1989 Argo I towed video
EPR, 9 30'N active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N EPR 9.5167 -104.2414 2580 1989 Argo I towed video
EPR, 9 33'N active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N EPR 9.5583 -104.2500 2574 1989 Argo I towed video; 1991 submersible Alvin
EPR, 9 40'N active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N EPR 9.6500 -104.2600 2572 1989 Argo I towed video; 1991 submersible Alvin
EPR, 9 47'N active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N EPR 9.7750 -104.2802 2560 1989 Argo I towed video; 1991 submersible Alvin
EPR, 9 50'N active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N EPR 9.8300 -104.2900 2520 1989 Argo I towed video
EPR, Ridge 1, 20 40'S propaging rift active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S EPR -20.8333 -114.1667 3000 1983 Deep Tow camera
EPR, Ridge 3, 20 40'S propaging rift active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S EPR -20.3333 -113.6792 3050 1983 Deep Tow camera
Esmeralda Bank active, confirmed arc volcano Mariana Arc 14.9667 145.2500 323 1990 towed video and TV-grab; 1978 hydrothermal deposits only
ESR, E2 active, confirmed back-arc spreading center East Scotia Ridge -56.0600 -30.3300 2700 2009 towed video; 1999 plume only; 2010 ROV Isis
ESR, E9 active, confirmed back-arc spreading center East Scotia Ridge -60.0500 -29.9300 2400 2009 towed video; 1999 plume only; 2010 ROV Isis
Europa active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge Mid-Cayman Rise 18.3500 -81.8500 2300 2010 ROTV HyBIS; 2009 plume only, not observed on dive with hybrid ROV Nereus
Evan active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N MAR 37.2667 -32.2833 1775 2006 submersible Nautile
Eyjafjördur active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge Kolbeinsey Ridge 65.8500 -18.1333 65 1997, likely by SCUBA
Feather Duster active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N EPR 10.9267 -103.6767 2520 1984 towed camera and submersible Alvin
Floc active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge JdF Ridge 46.3133 -129.7050 2290 1993 DEEPTOW and submersible Alvin
Flow active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge JdF Ridge 46.5250 -129.5783 2390 1993 ROV ROPOS
Forecast active, confirmed arc volcano Mariana Arc 13.4000 143.9166 1470 1992 submersible Shinkai 6500
Franklin Seamount active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Woodlark Basin -9.9083 151.8300 2366 1990 submersible Mir
Galapagos Mounds active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge Galapagos Rift 1.4500 -86.1665 2700 1977 submersible Alvin
Giggenbach volcano active, confirmed arc volcano Kermadec Arc -30.0333 -178.7167 180 2005 submersible PISCES V; 2002 plume NZAPLUME II cruise
Grimsey Field active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge Kolbeinsey Ridge 66.6067 -17.6542 400 1997 submersible Jago
Grover Seamount active, confirmed arc volcano Solomons Arc -10.4667 164.2500 600 2002 towed video
Guaymas Basin, Southern Trough active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge Gulf of California 27.0148 -111.4109 2000 1982 submersible Alvin; 1980 DeepTow CTD and dredging
Healy volcano active, confirmed arc volcano Kermadec Arc -34.9840 178.9990 1370 2005 submersible Pisces V; 1999 plume only
High-Rise Field active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge JdF Ridge 47.9667 -129.0900 2200 1988 submersible Alvin
Hine Hina active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Lau Basin -22.5300 -176.6970 1900 1989 submersible Nautile
Hook Ridge active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Bransfield Strait -62.1940 -57.2745 1080 1997 hot sediment; 1995 plume only; 1999 even hotter sediment
Hot Beach, Mendeleev Volcano active, confirmed arc volcano Kuril Arc 43.9760 145.7360 1 1990 or earlier, from the beach
Iguanas-Pinguinos active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge Galapagos Rift 2.1000 -91.9350 1640 2005 towed video Medea
Iheya Ridge active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Okinawa Trough 27.5417 126.9750 1430 1988 submersible Shinkai 2000; 1987 plume only
Ischia Island, Gulf of Naples active, confirmed other Coastal Italy 40.7306 13.9500 10 1954 or earlier, from the beach
Izena Cauldron active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Okinawa Trough 27.2667 127.0833 1450 1988 submersible Shinkai 2000
Jaco Scarp active, confirmed arc volcano Costa Rica fore arc 9.2000 -84.8000 1792 2009 submersible Alvin
Kagamil Island active, confirmed arc volcano Aleutian Arc, western 52.9800 -169.7200 5 2007 SCUBA
Kagoshima Bay, Sakura-jima Volcano active, confirmed arc volcano Ryukyu Arc 31.6500 130.8000 200 1993 towed TV system; 2007 ROV Hyper-dolphin discovered venting in Wakamiko Crater
Kaikata Seamount active, confirmed arc volcano Izu-Bonin Arc 26.7000 141.0833 930 1988 submersible Shinkai 2000; 1985 dredge only
Kairei Field active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge CIR -25.3195 70.0400 2460 2000 ROV Kaiko; 1993 plume only
Kasuga 2 Seamount active, confirmed arc volcano Mariana Arc 21.6000 143.6167 500 1987 submersible Alvin
Kasuga 3 Seamount active, confirmed arc volcano Mariana Arc 21.3833 143.6000 1140 1987 submersible Alvin
Kawio Barat active, confirmed arc volcano Sangihe Arc 4.8133 125.0816 1890 2003 towed video, CTD/transmissometer, and dredge
Kemp Caldera active, confirmed arc volcano South Sandwich Arc -59.7000 -28.3166 1420 2010 ROV Isis; 2009 plume only
Kick'em Jenny submarine volcano active, confirmed arc volcano Lesser Antilles Arc 12.2833 -61.6667 250 2003 ROV Eastern Oceanics; 2001 plume only
Kilo Moana active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Lau Basin -20.0532 -176.1336 2620 2004 AUV ABE; 2004 plume only on previous cruise
Kodakara-jima active, confirmed arc volcano Ryukyu Arc 29.2166 129.3333 10 1993 or earlier, likely by SCUBA
Kolbeinsey Field active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge Kolbeinsey Ridge 67.0833 -18.7167 110 1988 submersible GEO
Kos active, confirmed arc volcano Hellenic Arc, Aegean Sea 36.8500 27.2500 10 1991 or earlier, likely by SCUBA
Kraternaya Bight, Ushishir Volcano active, confirmed arc volcano Kuril Arc 47.5167 152.8000 60 1985 SCUBA
Kueishan Island active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Okinawa Trough 24.8333 121.9500 30 1999, likely by SCUBA
Kueishan Island, offshore active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Okinawa Trough 24.8333 122.0000 1200 2008 or earlier
Kulo Lasi active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Lau Basin -14.9175 -178.0000 1200 2010 submersible Nautile
Lilliput active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S MAR -9.5500 -13.1800 1500 2005 ROV Quest
Logatchev active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N MAR 14.7520 -44.9785 3050 1993-1994 TV grab and towed photo system; 1995 submersible Mir followed by submersible Nautile
Logatchev 2 active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N MAR 14.7200 -44.9380 2760 2007 ROV VICTOR 6000; 1993-1994 TV grab and towed photo system did not confirm activity; 1996-1998 video imaging and sampling did not confirm activity
Loihi Seamount active, confirmed intra-plate volcano Central Pacific 18.9500 -155.2500 4800 1985 bottom photography R/V Hakuho Maru; 1987 submersible Alvin
Loki's Castle active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge Mohns Ridge 73.5500 8.1500 2400 2008 ROV Bathysaurus
Lost City active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N MAR 30.1250 -42.1183 800 2000 towed video ARGO-II and submersible Alvin
Lucky Strike active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N MAR 37.2933 -32.2733 1740 1993 submersible Alvin; 1992 dredge and plume only
Luise Harbor, Lihir Island active, confirmed arc volcano Tabar-Feni Arc -3.1167 152.6500 30 1990 or earlier
Macauley Caldera active, confirmed arc volcano Kermadec Arc -30.2140 -178.7210 500 2002 towed camera TAN0205 cruise
Macdonald Seamount active, confirmed intra-plate volcano Central Pacific -28.9833 -140.2500 150 1989 submersible Cyana
Magic Mountain active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge Explorer Ridge 49.7500 -130.2667 1850 1984 submersible Pisces IV
Main Endeavour Field active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge JdF Ridge 47.9500 -129.1000 2220 1984 submersible Alvin; 1982 dredge only
Maka active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Lau Basin -15.4217 -174.2850 1660 2008 commercial ROV; 2004 plume only; 2006 plume and chimney samples
MAR, 4 48'S active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S MAR -4.8058 -12.3742 3050 2005 AUV ABE (cruise CD169 ) followed by ROV Quest (cruise M64/1)
Mariana Mounds active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Mariana Trough 18.0333 144.2833 3600 1987 submersible Alvin
Mariana Trough, unnamed active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Mariana Trough 18.0467 144.7533 3676 1987 submersible Alvin
Mariner active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Lau Basin -22.1800 -176.6017 1910 2003 plume and camera tow; 2004 submersible Shinkai 6500
Marsili active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Tyrrhenian Back-Arc Basin, Tyrrhenian Sea 39.2600 14.3780 800 2006 ROV Cherokee; 1989 shimmering water but did not confirm activity
Mata Fitu active, confirmed arc volcano Tonga Arc -14.9166 -173.7833 2600 2010 towed camera
Mata Tolu active, confirmed arc volcano Tonga Arc -15.0500 -173.7833 1820 2010 towed camera; 2009 plume and dredge only
Matupi Harbour, Rabaul caldera, New Britain Island active, confirmed arc volcano Bismarck Arc -4.2700 152.2000 30 1972 or earlier
Maug Caldera active, confirmed arc volcano Mariana Arc 20.0200 145.2200 55 2003 SCUBA shallow vents; 2004 ROV ROPOS deeper vents; 2003 plume only deeper vents
Medusa active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N EPR 9.1404 -104.2065 2580 2007 ROV Jason II; 1991 plume only
Menez Gwen active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N MAR 37.8417 -31.5250 865 1994 submersible Nautile
Menez Hom active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N MAR 37.1500 -32.4333 1802 2002 ROV Victor 6000
Methana active, confirmed arc volcano Hellenic Arc, Aegean Sea 37.6150 23.3360 10 since antiquity
Middle Valley, Dead Dog Vent Field active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge JdF Ridge 48.4567 -128.7083 2450 1992 or earlier towed video
Middle Valley, ODP Mound active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge JdF Ridge 48.4300 -128.6816 2440 1992 or earlier towed video
Milos active, confirmed arc volcano Hellenic Arc, Aegean Sea 36.6667 24.5167 200 1987 or earlier, likely by SCUBA
Minami-Ensei Knoll active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Okinawa Trough 28.3917 127.6417 740 1988 deep tow TV surveys followed by submersible Shinkai 2000; 1986 dredged Calyptogena shells
Minami-Hiyoshi submarine volcano active, confirmed arc volcano Mariana Arc 23.4970 141.9400 80 2005 ROV HyperDolphin
Misiteli active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Lau Basin -22.4700 -176.7030 2050 2008 commercial ROV; 2003 plume only
Mokuyo Seamount active, confirmed arc volcano Izu-Bonin Arc 28.3200 140.5800 1200 1990 submersible Shinkai 2000
Monowai Caldera active, confirmed arc volcano Tonga Arc -25.8000 -177.1500 1165 2005 with submersibles PISCES IV and PISCES V and ROV RCV-150; 2004 plume only
Montserrat Volcano active, confirmed arc volcano Lesser Antilles Arc 16.7200 -62.1800 10 1996 or earlier (assume SCUBA)
Mothra Field active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge JdF Ridge 47.9230 -129.1090 2270 1996 ROV ROPOS; 1986 plume only
Mounds and Microbes active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N EPR 9.4500 -104.5383 2950 2002 submersible Alvin; 1994 submersible Alvin did not confirm activity
Moytirra active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N MAR 45.4833 -27.8500 3000 2011 ROV Holland 1; 2008 plume only MAPRs, ROV Isis buoyant plume, but no visual confirmation
Mussel Valley active, confirmed back-arc spreading center North Fiji Basin -18.8167 173.4833 2700 1989 submersible Nautile; 1987 plume; 1988 towed camera did not confirm activity
Myojin Knoll active, confirmed arc volcano Izu-Bonin Arc 32.1000 139.8500 1360 1996 submersible Shinkai 2000
Nagahama Bay, Iwo-dake Volcano active, confirmed arc volcano Ryukyu Arc 30.7500 130.3330 26 1994 or earlier intertidal; 2008 or earlier SCUBA subtidal
Natsushima 84-1 Knoll active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Okinawa Trough 27.5750 127.1417 1600 1986 submersible Shinkai 2000
Navidad active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge Galapagos Rift 2.5300 -94.0750 2380 2005 towed video Medea
NESCA active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge Gorda Ridge 41.0000 -127.4917 3300 1988 submersible Alvin; 1986 dredge and photographs did not confirm activity
Nibelungen active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S MAR -8.3000 -13.5200 2900 2006 AUV ABE followed by ROV Quest; 2004 plume only
Nifonea Ridge active, confirmed back-arc spreading center New Hebrides back-arc -18.1330 169.5170 1900 2001 towed video
Nikko volcano active, confirmed arc volcano Mariana Arc 23.0833 142.3333 600 1992 submersible Shinkai 6500; 1979 first observed discolored water above the seamount
Nisiros active, confirmed arc volcano Hellenic Arc, Aegean Sea 36.5000 27.2500 18 1991 or earlier, likely by SCUBA
Nolan's Nook active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S EPR -31.1500 -111.9167 2330 1999 submersible Alvin; 1998 plume only
North Cleft, high temperature active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge JdF Ridge 44.9800 -130.2000 2300 1987 camera/CTD tows discovered low-temperature vents; 1988 submersible Alvin sampled low-temperature vents; 1990 submersible Alvin discovered black smoker
North Cleft, low temperature active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge JdF Ridge 44.8833 -130.2667 2250 1987-1989 camera/CTD tows
North Knoll, Iheya Ridge active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Okinawa Trough 27.7863 126.9000 1070 1995 deep tow survey
Northwest Eifuku active, confirmed arc volcano Mariana Arc 21.4850 144.0430 1604 2004 ROV ROPOS; 2003 plume only
Northwest Rota-1 volcano active, confirmed arc volcano Mariana Arc 14.6010 144.7750 599 2004 ROV ROPOS; 2003 plume only
Not Dead Yet active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge JdF Ridge 46.6899 -129.3772 2419 2007 ROV Jason II; 1991 camera tow did not confirm activity
PACMANUS field active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Manus Basin -3.7250 151.6700 1800 1991 deep-tow camera and video; 1995 submersible Shinkai 6500
Palinuro active, confirmed arc volcano Aeolian Arc, Tyrrhenian Sea 39.5500 14.7000 1000 2006 ROV Cherokee; 1968 manganese crust only; 1984 deposits only; 1993 TV profile did not confirm
Panarea active, confirmed arc volcano Aeolian Arc, Tyrrhenian Sea 38.6356 15.1057 200 1800's shallow vents; 1995 deeper vents ROV Comex
Piip Submarine Volcano active, confirmed arc volcano Aleutian Arc, western 55.4167 167.2717 500 1990 Mir submersible; 1981 R/V "Vulcanolog" cruise; 1987 (or 1986) echo-sounder fluid discharge
Pika active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Mariana Trough 12.9183 143.6483 2990 2003 submersible Shinkai 6500; 2003 plume only
Pito Seamount active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S EPR -23.3275 -111.6402 2270 1993 submersible Nautile
Pulau Weh active, confirmed arc volcano Banda Arc 5.8166 95.3000 8 1982 or earlier, likely by SCUBA
Punta Banda active, confirmed other Coastal Baja California 31.7500 -116.7500 30 1960's commercial abalone divers
Punta Mita, Bahia de Banderas active, confirmed other Coastal Mexico 20.7700 -105.5200 10 1997 photo/video most likely by SCUBA
Punta Santa Barbara, Bahia Conception active, confirmed other Coastal Baja California 26.6667 -111.8333 15 1968 or earlier, likely by SCUBA
Rainbow active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N MAR 36.2300 -33.9020 2320 1997 submersible Nautile
Rapa Nui active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S EPR -21.5620 -114.3000 2845 1999 submersible Alvin; 1987-1988 deposits only
Raven active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge JdF Ridge 47.9583 -129.0833 2180 2000 ROV Jason
Red Seamount active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N EPR 20.8033 -109.3783 2000 1982 submersible Alvin
Rehu-Marka active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S EPR -17.4333 -113.2000 2590 1993 submersible Nautile; 1984 submersible Cyana - Auzende et al. (1996) says that no active black smokers were discovered but Krasnov et al. (1997) says one black smoker observed
Rose Garden active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge Galapagos Rift 0.8058 -86.2267 2550 1977 submersible Alvin; 1976 plume and photographs of clam shells did not confirm activity (note: Rose Garden is used here as the name of the vent field, but Rose Garden vent site itself not discovered until 1979)
Ruby active, confirmed arc volcano Mariana Arc 15.6200 145.5700 214 2006 ROV Jason II; 2003 plume only
Rumble III volcano active, confirmed arc volcano Kermadec Arc -35.7333 178.4667 380 2000 towed camera; 1999 plume only
Rumble V volcano active, confirmed arc volcano Kermadec Arc -36.1333 178.1833 755 2001 towed camera; 1999 plume and dredged mussel shells
Saguaro Field active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S EPR -31.8500 -112.0333 2330 1999 submersible Alvin; 1998 plume only
Saldanha active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N MAR 36.5667 -33.4333 2300 1998 submersible Nautile
Salty Dawg Field active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge JdF Ridge 47.9820 -129.0760 2200 1995 submersible Alvin, followed by ROV ROPOS
Santorini active, confirmed arc volcano Hellenic Arc, Aegean Sea 36.4333 25.4000 400 1960's, likely by SCUBA; 2006 deeper vents HOV Thetis and AUV SeaBED
Sasquatch Field active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge JdF Ridge 47.9970 -129.0660 2200 2000 submersible Alvin
Sea Cliff active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge Gorda Ridge 42.7550 -126.7083 2800 1988 submersible Sea Cliff; 1985 plume only; 1986 dredge and camera tow did not confirm activity
Seamount X active, confirmed arc volcano Mariana Arc 13.2500 144.0200 1450 1994 or earlier submersible Shinkai 6500
Semyenov active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N MAR 13.5137 -44.9630 2440 2009 TV grab and photo-TV profiling; 2007 deposits only
Si'iSi'i active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Lau Basin -22.2900 -176.6290 1950 2008 commercial ROV; 2003 plume only
Snail active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Mariana Trough 12.9533 143.6200 2880 2003 ROV Jason II; 2003 plume only
Snake Pit active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N MAR 23.3683 -44.9500 3500 1985 real-time TV and imaging sonar; earlier in 1985 seafloor photographs did not confirm activity
Solitaire Field active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge CIR -19.5450 65.8500 2630 2009 submersible Shinkai 6500; 2006 plume only
Solwara 11 active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Manus Basin -3.1667 147.1917 1500 2008 commercial ROV; 2000 submersible Nautile did not confirm activity
Solwara 13 active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Manus Basin -3.7320 151.7465 2000 2009 commercial ROV Fugro FV300; 1993 plume only
Solwara 17 active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Manus Basin -3.0380 147.5280 535 2009 commercial ROV Fugro FV300; 2008 plumes with some sites subsequently observed with ROV
Sonne 99 active, confirmed back-arc spreading center North Fiji Basin -16.9500 173.9167 1980 1995 deep tow video and TV-grab
Soria Moria active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge Mohns Ridge 71.2500 -5.8000 700 2005 ROV BIODEEP-05 cruise
Source active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge JdF Ridge 46.1550 -129.8100 2055 1993 submersible Alvin
South Cleft active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge JdF Ridge 44.6667 -130.3667 2250 1981 deep-tow photographs; 1984 submersible Alvin
SPOT, Hatoma Knoll active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Okinawa Trough 24.8550 123.8410 1520 1999 submersible Shinkai 2000
SPOT, Yonaguni Knoll IV active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Okinawa Trough 24.8490 122.7000 1385 2000 submersibles Shinkai 2000 and Shinkai 6500
Stanton Seamount active, confirmed arc volcano New Hebrides Arc -10.8670 166.7000 800 2002 towed video
Stealth active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge S EPR -17.6167 -113.2330 2600 1996 Argo II towed video; 1993 plume only; 1998 submersible Alvin
Steinaholl Vent Field active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N MAR, Reykjanes Ridge 63.1000 -24.5333 350 1990 plume, echosounding, and towed video; 1993 plume only (included echosounding for more precise location)
Suiyo Seamount active, confirmed arc volcano Izu-Bonin Arc 28.5750 140.6417 1380 1991 submersible Shinkai 2000
Sulawesi Island active, confirmed arc volcano Sangihe Arc 1.4333 125.2000 3 NotProvided
Sumisu Caldera active, confirmed arc volcano Izu-Bonin Arc 31.4667 140.0667 690 1998 submersible Shinkai 2000
SuSu Knolls active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Manus Basin -3.8000 152.1000 1520 1996 towed camera/video; 1993 plume only
SWIR Area A active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge SWIR -37.7833 49.6500 2785 2007 towed video sled followed by AUV ABE; 2005 plume only
TAG active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N MAR 26.1367 -44.8267 3670 1985 towed camera and temperature anomaly; 1986 submersible Alvin
Tahi Moana 2 active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Lau Basin -21.9200 -176.5330 1870 1989 submersible Nautile (need reference to check if activity confirmed); 2004 plume only; 2008 commercial ROV (report does not confirm activity)
Taketomi Thermal Area active, confirmed arc volcano Ryukyu Arc 24.3483 124.1017 23 1987 or earlier, likely by SCUBA
Teahitia vents active, confirmed intra-plate volcano Central Pacific -17.5670 -148.8167 1460 1983 submersible Cyana
TELVE active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Lau Basin -22.1667 -176.6040 1760 2008 commercial ROV; 2003 plume only
Temakons active, confirmed back-arc spreading center New Hebrides back-arc -17.5667 169.1000 1400 1994 towed camera with temperature
Teotihuacan active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge N EPR 15.7333 -105.4333 2300 2010 submersible Nautile; 1997 plume only
Tonga Arc, Volcano 1 active, confirmed arc volcano Tonga Arc -21.1500 -175.7500 210 2005 with submersibles PISCES IV and PISCES V and ROV RCV-150; 2003 plume and dredge only
Tonga Arc, Volcano 19 active, confirmed arc volcano Tonga Arc -24.8000 -177.0167 970 2005 with submersibles PISCES IV and PISCES V and ROV RCV-150; 2003 plume and dredge only
Tonga Arc, Volcano P active, confirmed arc volcano Tonga Arc -15.1650 -173.5700 1180 2008 commercial ROV
TOTO Caldera active, confirmed arc volcano Mariana Arc 12.7167 143.5333 2960 2000 deep-tow camera (later, same year - ROV Kaiko); 1998 or earlier hydrothermal deposits dredged; 1998 plume only
Tow Cam active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Lau Basin -20.3169 -176.1367 2700 2004 AUV ABE; 2004 plume only on previous cruise
Troll Wall active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge Mohns Ridge 71.2833 -5.7667 550 2005 ROV BIODEEP-05 cruise
Tu'i Malila active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Lau Basin -21.9876 -176.5678 1870 2005 ROV Jason II; 2004 plume only
Tutum Bay, Ambitle Island active, confirmed arc volcano Tabar-Feni Arc -4.0833 153.6667 10 1996 or earlier, likely by SCUBA
Vai Lili active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Lau Basin -22.2151 -176.6083 1764 1989 submersible Nautile
Vailulu'u Seamount active, confirmed intra-plate volcano Central Pacific -14.2167 -169.0667 1000 2005 submersible Pisces V; 2000 plume only
Vienna Woods active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Manus Basin -3.1667 150.2833 2500 1990 TV-grab (also same year, sampled by submersible Mir); 1985 (or 1986) camera tow vent fauna and inactive chimneys
Vienna Woods, Hydrothermal Field 4 active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Manus Basin -3.3712 150.0360 2240 1990 TV-grab
Von Damm active, confirmed mid-ocean ridge Mid-Cayman Rise 18.2261 -81.4788 2300 April 2010 (Autosub6000 AUV and HyBIS TVG; November 2009 (plume only)
Vulcano active, confirmed arc volcano Aeolian Arc, Tyrrhenian Sea 38.4000 15.0000 8 1960's shallow vents
Vulkanolog active, confirmed arc volcano Kermadec Arc -30.6870 -178.4530 130 1979 and 1998 (need to check references); 2002 plume not detected NZAPLUME II
West Mata submarine volcano active, confirmed arc volcano Tonga Arc -15.0833 -173.7500 1208 2009 ROV Jason II; 2008 eruption plume detected
West Rota volcano active, confirmed arc volcano Mariana Arc 14.3250 144.8330 1150 2005 ROV Hyper-Dolphin; 2003 plume only; 2004 ROV ROPOS did not observe venting
Whale Island active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Taupo Volcanic Zone -37.8500 176.9670 45 1990 or earlier, likely by SCUBA
White Church active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Lau Basin -21.9612 -176.5234 1960 1989 submersible Nautile; 2004 plume survey
White Lady active, confirmed back-arc spreading center North Fiji Basin -16.9833 173.9167 2000 1988 towed camera and plume; 1989 submersible Nautile
White Point, Palos Verde, California active, confirmed other Coastal California 33.7000 -118.3167 10 1984 or earlier, likely by SCUBA
Wright volcanic center active, confirmed arc volcano Kermadec Arc -31.8500 -179.1880 1165 2005 submersible PISCES V; 2004 plume NZAPLUME III cruise
Yaeyama Graben active, confirmed back-arc spreading center Okinawa Trough 25.2300 124.8800 1850 2000 submersible Shinkai 6500; 1986 seafloor photos did not confirm activity
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